some newbie questions

sebastian ssmoller sebastian.ssmoller at gmx.net
Wed Feb 18 18:47:56 UTC 2004


i started debugging the start sequence (the monitor supports setting
breakpoints) ...

from objdump i get


0001041c <start>:
   1041c:       007c 3000       oriw #12288,%sr
   10420:       4ff9 ffc0 03c0  lea ffc003c0 <m360+0x3c0>,%sp
   10426:       41fa fbd8       lea %pc@(10000 <_RamBase>),%a0
   1042a:       4e7b 8801       movec %a0,%vbr
   1042e:       4e7a 1001       movec %dfc,%d1
   10432:       7007            moveq #7,%d0
   10434:       4e7b 0001       movec %d0,%dfc
....

so i set a breakpoint to 1041c and go on step by step. i get:

BREAK AT  0001041C
*ST

0001041C    OR.W    #$3000,SR
D0 = 00000000    D1 = 00000000    D2 = 00000000    D3 = 00000000
D4 = 00000000    D5 = 00000000    D6 = 00000000    D7 = 00000000
A0 = 00000000    A1 = 00000000    A2 = 00000000    A3 = 00000000
A4 = 00000000    A5 = 00000000    A6 = 00000000    MS = 000004A0
IS = 000004A0    US = 000004A0    SR = 0000B000    PC = 00010420
VB = 00000000    SF = 00000000    DF = 00000000    CC = 00000000

*ST

00010420    LEA     $FFC003C0.L,A7
D0 = 00000000    D1 = 00000000    D2 = 00000000    D3 = 00000000
D4 = 00000000    D5 = 00000000    D6 = 00000000    D7 = 00000000
A0 = 00000000    A1 = 00000000    A2 = 00000000    A3 = 00000000
A4 = 00000000    A5 = 00000000    A6 = 00000000    MS = FFC003C0
IS = 000004A0    US = 000004A0    SR = 0000B000    PC = 00010426
VB = 00000000    SF = 00000000    DF = 00000000    CC = 00000000

*ST

00010426    LEA     $10000(PC),A0
D0 = 00000000    D1 = 00000000    D2 = 00000000    D3 = 00000000
D4 = 00000000    D5 = 00000000    D6 = 00000000    D7 = 00000000
A0 = 00010000    A1 = 00000000    A2 = 00000000    A3 = 00000000
A4 = 00000000    A5 = 00000000    A6 = 00000000    MS = FFC003C0
IS = 000004A0    US = 000004A0    SR = 0000B000    PC = 0001042A
VB = 00000000    SF = 00000000    DF = 00000000    CC = 00000000

*ST

and now the board hangs ... 

i am not sure whether the "lea" command is the current command executed or
the last one executed successfully but it seems that i have some really
basic problems here :( 

the next statement works with vbr which is assumed to be at 0x0. do i have
to let rtems know that ?

thank u for ur help so far and for all ur hints. i will have to check all
the addresses and the linkcmds script again. it seems to be still a problem
with memory mapping, i guess.

the monitor support bdm i guess. unfortunately my system (freebsd) doesnt
support it (no driver). i will setup a linux box these days and i'll try to
run bdm+gdb on it ...

thx
regards,
seb


On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 13:31:42 -0500
Ed Sutter <els at emailbox.hdtv.lucent.com> wrote:

> Seb,
> Does your monitor allow you to hook to any of its resident
> facilities?  If it does, then you should be able to hook
> to its printf() functionality to give you a peek into the
> startup of the operating system.  ALternatively, you can
> add a global variable to the startup code that is used to
> trace the startup.  After the call to start() hangs, you
> can observe the value of the variable to determine how far
> your startup got.
> For example...
> 
> int sebs_trace_variable;
> 
> start()
> {
> ...
> seb_trace_variable = 1;
> ...
> seb_trace_variable = 2;
> ...
> seb_trace_variable = 3;
> ...
> seb_trace_variable = 4;
> ...
> ect...
> }
> 
> Then, after you call start() and it hangs, see what the
> content of that variable is.  That will give you an idea
> of where you start() hung.
> 
> I may as well mention that MicroMonitor has facilities in it
> to make this process pretty easy to debug.  If transitioning
> over to that is a possibility, let me know.
> Ed
> 
> Ed Sutter wrote:
> > 
> > Seb,
> > You can't call something with printf() in it at this level.
> > Think about it...
> > The guts of printf() requires console IO to be working.
> > Console IO is likely handled by the serial port device
> > driver in RTEMS.  Since we're side-stepping the whole
> > RTOS startup here,  printf() will certainly not work.
> > 
> > Ed
> > 
> > sebastian ssmoller wrote:
> > >
> > > hi,
> > > using an "independent" function is of cause a good idea :)
> > > calling this funct does NOT cause the board to hang - so this is one
> > > step into the right direction :)
> > >
> > > i wasnt able yet to get the value of the variable - i have to read
> > > some docs about the monitor first.
> > >
> > > but what i did is, i only include a printf (which causes to inlcude
> > > and use lots of other stuff of course). calling the funct again
> > > caused a bus error. next pc points into the fstat function ...
> > >
> > > this let me believe that my linkcmds file is not correct. so possibly
> > > u could have a look at it ?
> > >
> > > ====== linkcmds from intro (which works) =========
> > > //
> > > // This linker command file was created by Introl-CODE.
> > > //
> > >
> > > // Library modules used by this program
> > >
> > > // Program memory groups
> > > group ROM rom itemalign 2 origin 0x0700 maxsize 0x10000-0x0700;
> > >     section .vectors data;
> > >
> > >     section .start0 text;
> > >     section .start1 text;
> > >     section .start2 text;
> > >     section .start3 text;
> > >     section .start4 text;
> > >     section .start5 text;
> > >     section .start6 text;
> > >     section .start7 text;
> > >     section .start8 text;
> > >     section .start9 text;
> > >     section .startX text;
> > >     section .startZ text;
> > >
> > >     section ROM.const data = .const .strings;
> > >     section ROM.text text = .text;
> > >
> > >     section .init;
> > > group ROM;
> > >
> > > set __ROMstart = 0x0700;
> > > set __ROMend = 0x10000;
> > > set __ROMsize = 0x10000-0x0700;
> > >
> > > group RAM ram bss itemalign 2 origin 0x10000 maxsize 0x50000-0x10000;
> > >     section .bss comms;
> > >     section .data data copiedfrom .init;
> > >     section .retm comm;
> > >     section .heap expand minsize 0;
> > >     section .stack minsize 0;
> > >
> > >     section RAM.ubss = .ubss;
> > > group RAM;
> > >
> > > set __RAMstart = 0x10000;
> > > set __RAMend = 0x50000;
> > > set __RAMsize = 0x50000-0x10000;
> > >
> > > group IO io bss origin 0xFFF000 maxsize 0x1000000-0xFFF000;
> > >     section .chip;
> > > group IO;
> > >
> > > set __IOstart = 0xFFF000;
> > > set __IOend = 0x1000000;
> > > set __IOsize = 0x1000000-0xFFF000;
> > >
> > > // Link time variable definitions
> > > set __ramstart = startof(.bss);
> > > set __ramend = endof(.bss);
> > > set __heapstart = startof(.heap);
> > > set __heapend = endof(.heap);
> > > set __stackstart = startof(.stack);
> > > set __stackend = endof(.stack);
> > > set __initstart = startof(.init);
> > > set __initend = endof(.init);
> > > set __datastart = startof(.data);
> > > set __dataend = endof(.data);
> > > set __fastend = endof(.start1);
> > > set __chipstart = startof(.chip);
> > >
> > > readline;       // Read files from the command line
> > >
> > > end;
> > >
> > > ============ linkcmds intro end ==================
> > >
> > > ============ linkcmds from rtems (with memory values changed)
> > > ========/*
> > >  * This file contains GNU linker directives for a generic MC68360
> > >  board.* Variations in memory size and allocation can be made by
> > >  * overriding some values with linker command-line arguments.
> > >  *
> > >  * Saskatchewan Accelerator Laboratory
> > >  * University of Saskatchewan
> > >  * Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CANADA
> > >  * eric at skatter.usask.ca
> > >  *
> > >  *  linkcmds,v 1.20 2003/01/20 20:19:44 joel Exp
> > >  */
> > >
> > > /*
> > > OUTPUT_FORMAT("srec");
> > > */
> > >
> > > /*
> > >  * Declare some sizes.
> > >  * A heap size of 0 means `use all available memory for the heap'.
> > >  */
> > > _RamBase = DEFINED(_RamBase) ? _RamBase : 0x10000;
> > > _RamSize = DEFINED(_RamSize) ? _RamSize : 0x50000-0x10000;
> > > _HeapSize = DEFINED(_HeapSize) ? _HeapSize : 0x0;
> > > _StackSize = DEFINED(_StackSize) ? _StackSize : 0x1000;
> > >
> > > /*
> > >  * Declare on-board memory.
> > >  */
> > > MEMORY {
> > >           rom : ORIGIN = 0x0700,  LENGTH = 0x10000 - 0x0700
> > >           ram : ORIGIN = 0x10000, LENGTH = 0x50000 - 0x10000
> > >         dpram : ORIGIN = 0xFFC00001, LENGTH = 0xFFC02000 - 0xFFC00000
> > > }
> > >
> > > /*
> > >  * Load objects
> > >  */
> > > SECTIONS {
> > >         /*
> > >          * Boot PROM
> > >          */
> > >         rom : {
> > >                 _RomBase = .;
> > >         } >rom
> > >
> > >         /*
> > >          * Dynamic RAM
> > >          */
> > >         ram : {
> > >                 _RamBase = .;
> > >         } >ram
> > >
> > >         /*
> > >          * Text, data and bss segments
> > >          */
> > >         .text : {
> > >                 *(.text)
> > >
> > >                         /*
> > >                          * C++ constructors/destructors
> > >                          */
> > >                         *(.gnu.linkonce.t.*)
> > >
> > >                         /*
> > >                          * Initialization and finalization code.
> > >                          */
> > >                         PROVIDE (_init = .);
> > >                         *crti.o(.init)
> > >                         *(.init)
> > >                         *crtn.o(.init)
> > >                         PROVIDE (_fini = .);
> > >                         *crti.o(.fini)
> > >                         *(.fini)
> > >                         *crtn.o(.fini)
> > >
> > >                         /*
> > >                          * Special FreeBSD sysctl sections.
> > >                          */
> > >                         . = ALIGN (16);
> > >                         __start_set_sysctl_set = .;
> > >                         *(set_sysctl_*);
> > >                         __stop_set_sysctl_set = ABSOLUTE(.);
> > >                         *(set_domain_*);
> > >                         *(set_pseudo_*);
> > >
> > >                         /*
> > >                          * C++ constructors/destructors
> > >                          */
> > >                         . = ALIGN (16);
> > >                         *crtbegin.o(.ctors)
> > >                         *(.ctors)
> > >                         *crtend.o(.ctors)
> > >                         *crtbegin.o(.dtors)
> > >                         *(.dtors)
> > >                         *crtend.o(.dtors)
> > >
> > >                         /*
> > >                          * Exception frame info
> > >                          */
> > >                         . = ALIGN (16);
> > >                         *(.eh_frame)
> > >
> > >                         /*
> > >                          * Read-only data
> > >                          */
> > >                         . = ALIGN (16);
> > >                         _rodata_start = . ;
> > >                         *(.rodata*)
> > >                         *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
> > >
> > >                  . = ALIGN (16);
> > >                 PROVIDE (etext = .);
> > >         } >ram
> > >         .data : {
> > >                 _copy_start = .;
> > >                 *(.data)
> > >                         *(.gnu.linkonce.d*)
> > >                         *(.gcc_except_table)
> > >                         *(.jcr)
> > >                 . = ALIGN (16);
> > >                 PROVIDE (edata = .);
> > >                 _copy_end = .;
> > >         } >ram
> > >         .bss : {
> > >                 M68Kvec = .;
> > >                 . += (256 * 4);
> > >                 _clear_start = .;
> > >                 *(.bss)
> > >                 *(COMMON)
> > >                 . = ALIGN (16);
> > >                 PROVIDE (end = .);
> > >
> > >                 . += _StackSize;
> > >                 . = ALIGN (16);
> > >                 _stack_init = .;
> > >                 _clear_end = .;
> > >
> > >                 _WorkspaceBase = .;
> > >                 variable = .;
> > >         } >ram
> > >
> > >         /*
> > >          * On-chip memory/peripherals
> > >          */
> > >         dpram : {
> > >                 m360 = .;
> > >                 . += (8 * 1024);
> > >         } >dpram
> > >
> > >   /* Stabs debugging sections.  */
> > >   .stab 0 : { *(.stab) }
> > >   .stabstr 0 : { *(.stabstr) }
> > >   .stab.excl 0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
> > >   .stab.exclstr 0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
> > >   .stab.index 0 : { *(.stab.index) }
> > >   .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
> > >   .comment 0 : { *(.comment) }
> > >
> > >   /* DWARF debug sections.
> > >      Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the
> > >      beginning of the section so we begin them at 0.  */
> > >   /* DWARF 1 */
> > >   .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
> > >   .line           0 : { *(.line) }
> > >
> > >   /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
> > >   .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
> > >   .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
> > >
> > >   /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
> > >   .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
> > >   .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
> > >
> > >   /* DWARF 2 */
> > >   .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info) }
> > >   .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
> > >   .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }
> > >   .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
> > >   .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
> > >   .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
> > >   .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
> > >
> > >   /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */
> > >   .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
> > >   .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }
> > >   .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }
> > >   .debug_varnames  0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
> > >   /* These must appear regardless of  .  */
> > > }
> > > ============ linkcmds rtems end ==================
> > >
> > > i checked the "ca" (call) syntax again and i guess it is correct,
> > > cause it works with introl code and when calling the unique_function
> > >
> > > many thx again
> > > regards,
> > > seb
> > >
> > > On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:14:30 -0500
> > > Ed Sutter <els at emailbox.hdtv.lucent.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > > Seb,
> > > > Try starting with something simpler.
> > > > Here's a few suggestions...
> > > >
> > > > In your application add a function and a variable..
> > > >
> > > > long unique_variable;
> > > >
> > > > long
> > > > unique_function(void)
> > > > {
> > > >       return(++unique_variable);
> > > > }
> > > >
> > > > Then load your application and instead of calling the entrypoint,
> > > > parse your symbol table and call this function's address.  If this
> > > > hangs, you have a more fundamental problem, if it doesn't hang
> > > > the do some more investigation...
> > > > If the "call" command that you have shows the return value of the
> > > > function you called, then you should notice it incrementing.
> > > > If the "call" command doesn't support that, then call the function
> > > > and then display the variable using some other monitor command.
> > > >
> > > > Another thing to try would be to disassemble the the address of
> > > > the application entrypoint and see if it makes sense.
> > > >
> > > > The point here is to test some of the stuff outside of RTEMS.
> > > > Make sure your "call" command is working the way you think, etc...
> > > > For example, maybe "call" gets confused if your address is not
> > > > prefixed with "0x".  Or, maybe it gets confused if yoru address IS
> > > > prefixed with "0x".
> > > > Get the idea? These things will just give you a confidence level
> > > > (maybe good maybe not so good) in what you're doing.
> > > >
> > > > Ed
> > > >
> 



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