[GSoC]use hash/map in POSIX key and Classic notepad

[阿四]

2012/4/6 Gedare Bloom <gedare at rtems.org>

> On Fri, Apr 6, 2012 at 11:27 AM, 阿四 <ashi08104 at gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> >
> > 2012/4/6 Gedare Bloom <gedare at rtems.org>
> >>
> >> On Thu, Apr 5, 2012 at 12:52 PM, Joel Sherrill
> >> <joel.sherrill at oarcorp.com> wrote:
> >> > On 04/05/2012 11:09 AM, Gedare Bloom wrote:
> >> >
> >> > On Thu, Apr 5, 2012 at 10:44 AM, 阿四 <ashi08104 at gmail.com> wrote:
> >> >
> >> > And another idea of hash + map, if the map part is a sub rbtree, then
> >> > the
> >> > size of hash table can be not too big, the search operation could
> >> > benifit
> >> > from the rbtree's O(lg(n)) speed, could it be a candidate of the
> >> > solution?
> >> >
> >> > You mean to use a hash-array with an rbtree to handle collisions?
> >> >
> >> > Yeah, I mean it.
> >> >
> >> > It
> >> > could work, and be faster on average than just using an rbtree without
> >> > losing any worst-case time. The space overhead might be quite a bit
> >> > more to have multiple rbtree control headers and also the extra
> >> > overhead of rbtree nodes. I think that any rbtree- or chain-based
> >> > approach shifts the problem of determining the number of Keys to be
> >> > the problem of determining the number of nodes, since we cannot assume
> >> > that the Key data has a node embedded inside of it.
> >> >
> >> > Gedare, I didn't quite understand this. Does rbtree approach has the
> >> > problem
> >> > of determining the number of nodes? I think when the key_create()
> >> > function
> >> > called, only a empty rbtree create. And when key_setspecific()
> function
> >> > called, a node is added to rbtree. Or you mean create a 'proper' big
> >> > rbtree
> >> > when key_create(), which frontloads the insert node cost to
> key_create()
> >> > as
> >> > you mention above? I understand when using the hash approach,
> determing
> >> > the
> >> > number of slots(I'm confused with the Keys you use here, I guess Keys
> >> > here
> >> > is the slots in hash table) of hash table is the problem of
> determining
> >> > the
> >> > number of nodes.
> >> >
> >> > It depends on the restrictions on key_create and key_setspecific; if
> >> > creation is allowed to block/fail then dynamic allocation might be ok.
> >> > I haven't looked closely enough to tell. In that case you can create
> >> > an rbtree on-the-fly by allocating it when there is a collision and
> >> > inserting the colliding nodes to it. You could also just as easily use
> >> > a linked-list (chain). The colliding nodes will need to be embedded
> >> > inside some other structure like
> >> > struct {
> >> >   RBTree_Node r; // or Chain_Node
> >> >   void * user_data;
> >> > }
> >> >
> >> > this structure would have to be allocated as well whenever inserting a
> >> > new key (setspecific).  We need to better define the restrictions on
> >> > the keys in order to understand what kind of solutions we can use.
> >> > Restrictions means timing and memory constraints, whether operations
> >> > can block..maybe others.
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >
> http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/pthread_setspecific.html
> >> > allows pthread_setspecific to return ENOMEM. Is that a hint?
> >> >
> >> OK; then it just matters how 'fast' we think it should be on avg or in
> >> worst-case.
> >>
> >> > I don't see why we don't just put a pointer to the Key in the tcb.
> >> >
> >> > Does it mean delete the POSIX Key data structure, and let the Thread
> >> > Specific Data be managed in TCB?
> >> >
> >> > Yeah. We could define generic thread-specific data at the score level.
> >> > I'm not sure if this is a good idea.
> >> >
> >> > It isn't if generic. It could be part of the POSIX API thread
> extension
> >> > structure.
> >> >
> >> > But it helps with unlimited threads but not with unlimited keys
> >> > if you use a simple array.
> >> >
> >> > But a hash/rbtree for "keys used by this thread" might be an
> >> > implementation
> >> > option. That is different than "threads using this key" which puts
> >> > the management structure in keys.
> >> >
> >> Yes that makes sense. I could see having an rbtree of the keys in a
> >> posix thread extension. This would also avoid problems with collisions
> >> between threads, especially since threads are allowed to specify the
> >> same key for different data. Holding the keys in separate per-thread
> >> structures seems the best solution. If the number of keys is expected
> >> to be small then a linked list/chain would be fine too.
> >>
> > Gedare, I haven't thought about the problem of collisions about same
> thread
> > specify the same key for different data. In current implementation, if
> the
> > same thread specify different data in the same key by
> pthread_setspecific(),
> > the old data is replaced by new data, isn't it? And is it allowed? since
> it
> > would lead to memory leak. However, I find this project can support this
> > kind operation by adding some index.
> >
> I was unclear: different threads can use the same key for different
> data. So you must be able to distinguish them. This would be hard if
> all keys are managed in a single structure, but if there is a
> structure of keys per-thread it is less difficult.
>

Sorry, Gedare, I feel a structure of keys per-thread would make thing easy.
However, I'm still confused with the hard of all keys are managed in a
single structure. I need some help to make myself clear about key manager.

 First, in current implementation I know the the key is identified by
the_key->Object.id (I copy it from keycreate.c, line 96), and the_key's
type is Key_Control, namely, the key is identified by a Object id, which is
managed by Chain Manager. So keys can be distinguished by Object id. And
for different thread data in the same key, they are distinguished by
_Thread_Executing->Object.id (this is the current executing thread's TCB's
object id). Then all things are distinguished in current implementation.

 And in this project, like in the hash approach, I think different keys can
be distinguished as before, and very key have a member pointer to hash
table, and different thread's data in the same key is distinguish by its
thread id (when in collisions, for different thread, their data can be
distinguished by thread id again.) But for the different data of same
thread in same key, I think they need extra information to be
distinguished.

Am I missed something?
Or in this project, different keys can't be distinguished as before. I feel
there's may be an unacceptiable cost of lookup with unlimited key
configuration.

Best Regard
--zw_yao

>
> I suspect you can just use a chain (linked list) of keys for each
> thread, with the chain control (linked list head) somewhere the thread
> can get to easily. Converting the Key_Control to represent a single
> key instead of all keys might be an easy way to go; it already embeds
> a Chain_Node and some other metadata, and the Object allocation can
> deal with limits on numbers of keys.
>
> >> > You also have to consider the case of deleting threads and deleting
> >> > keys and what is required to clean up outstanding memory.
> >> > It is simple now. But it is possible that you have a "management
> >> > structure" in one object (key or thread) and a "clean up" structure
> >> > on the other.
> >> >
> >> > I am sure you don't want to do a scan of all thread/keys and
> >> > then see if it is impacted by a key/thread delete.
> >> >
> >> > I hope that makes sense.
> >> > structure/list
> >> >
> >> >
> >> > -Gedare
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >
> >> > --
> >> > Joel Sherrill, Ph.D.             Director of Research&  Development
> >> > joel.sherrill at OARcorp.com        On-Line Applications Research
> >> > Ask me about RTEMS: a free RTOS  Huntsville AL 35805
> >> >     Support Available             (256) 722-9985
> >> >
> >
> >
>
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